Skip over main navigation
  • Sign up
  • Log in
  • Basket: (0 items)
(IPSEA) Independent Provider of Special Education Advice
  • Facebook
  • Twitter
Donate
Menu
  • Home
  • About us
    • Who we are
    • Our impact
    • Our vision and goals
    • Work for us
    • Annual report
  • How we help
    • Get support
    • Our services
    • Policy work
    • Services for professionals
    • Case studies
  • Training
    • Learn about and book training
    • Upcoming training events
    • Online training
    • Face to face training
    • Bespoke training
    • Training FAQs
    • Webinars
    • Legal updates
    • Testimonials
  • Get involved
    • Why funds are necessary
    • Donate
    • Fundraising
    • Other ways to give
      • Online shopping
      • Gifts in your will
      • Gifts in memory
      • Gifts in celebration
    • Volunteer
    • Corporate support
    • Trusts and foundations
  • Latest
    • News
    • IPSEA Blogs
  • Contact
    • Contact us
    • Press enquiries
  • IPSEA Legal Resources Portal
  • Admin
    • Log in
  • Basket: (0 items)
  • SEN and disability statute law, regulations and guidance
  1. How we help
  2. Get support
  3. SEN and disability law
  4. SEN and disability statute law, regulations and guidance

SEN and disability statute law, regulations and guidance

In some cases, the law has been updated since it came into effect. The links below are likely to be to the original versions of the law. You should check whether the law you need has been updated on the government site which shows changes to legislation.

For all children and young people with special educational needs and disabilities, including those with EHC plans:

The law is contained in the following places:

  • The Children and Families Act (“CAFA”) 2014 is statute law. It is legally binding which means that the LA and schools must comply with it or else they are acting unlawfully. Part 3 of the CAFA 2014 contains all the relevant sections about children and young people with SEN and disabilities.
  • The Special Educational Needs and Disability Regulations 2014 are the main set of Regulations underpinning the CAFA 2014. There have been some amendments made to these Regulations which you should read alongside them. Together they provide information to support the law contained within the CAFA 2014. They are also legally binding.
  • The Special Educational Needs (Personal Budgets) Regulations 2014. This is a special set of Regulations dealing with personal budgets and direct payments. The Regulations have been amended since 2014 and you should check here to see what changes have been made. See the section on personal budgets and direct payments for more information.
  • The Children and Families Act 2014 (Transitional and Savings Provisions) (No.2) Order 2014 are a special set of Regulations dealing with transition from Statements and learning difficulty assessments to EHC plans. See the section on Statements and transition for more information.

Check here to see what changes have been made to the above Act and Regulations since they came into force.

The law is set out and expanded upon in SEN and Disability Code of Practice (the “Code”). This Code provides much more detail on the legal framework relating to special educational needs and disabilities. Wherever in the Code it says an LA, school or college must do something, then it is referring to compulsory obligations which are set out in the CAFA 2014 or the Special Educational Needs and Disability Regulations 2014. Wherever the Code says an LA or other entity should do something, this is statutory guidance. The Code is not law. If there is any difference in what CAFA and the Code says the CAFA takes precedence.

For children with Statements of SEN:

All children and young people with Statements should have been transitioned to an EHC plan by 1 April 2018. See our sections on what will happen to your Statement after 1 April 2018 and your rights if you still have a Statement for more information. Until that date the law below will apply.

  • The Education Act 1996 – Part IV and Schedule 27
  • Education (Special Educational Needs) (England) (Consolidation) Regulations) 2001
  • SEN Code of Practice 2001

Check here to see what changes have been made to the above Act and Regulations since they came into force.

For the law relating to disability discrimination:

Children and young people with special educational needs may also be considered disabled.  There are some situations where disabled people are subjected to direct or indirect discrimination.  For more information see our section on disability discrimination.

  • The Equality Act 2010
  • Equality Act 2010 (Disability Regulations) 2010

Check here to see what changes have been made since the Act and Regulations came into force.

For the law relating to exclusion from schools:

Children and young people with special educational needs and/or disabilities are at greater risk of exclusion from schools or post-16 institutions.  For more information see our section on exclusions. If you think your child may have been unfairly excluded because of their disability, see our section on disability discrimination.

Statute law

  • Education Act 2011 – this is the main statute which sets out what a school should do when excluding a pupil.
  • Education Act 2002 – this Act covers a wide range of topics, but section 52 still contains the basic power of head teachers to exclude a pupil from school, and it also contains provisions relating to the power of staff at school to search pupils.
  • Education and Inspections Act 2006 – this Act extended the law on schools’ power to discipline and makes parents responsible for ensuring their excluded child is not in a public place during the first five days of any exclusion. It also sets out the obligation on schools to arrange full time educational provision for pupils who have been excluded for a fixed term, while LAs have this responsibility where pupils have been permanently excluded.

Check here to see what changes have been made since the above Acts came into force.

Key regulations

  • School Discipline (Pupil Exclusions and Reviews) (England) Regulations 2012 (SI 2012/1033) – this contains detailed provisions about exclusions, and applies to maintained schools, pupil referral units and Academies.
  • Education (Provision of Full time Education for Excluded Pupils (England) Regulations 2012 – this sets out more detail on schools’ and LA’s obligations to provide education for excluded pupils.

Check here to see what changes have been made since the above Regulations came into force.

Statutory guidance

  • Exclusion from maintained schools, Academies and pupil referral units in England – this is the main statutory guidance which is divided into sections dealing with different aspects and each section is divided into two parts. In each case the first part sets out what the law is, derived from the relevant statutes and regulations, and the second part sets out the statutory guidance.
  • Alternative Provision statutory guidance for local authorities – this guidance is for local authorities, schools, Academies, pupil referral units and alternative provision settings about the use and inspection of alternative provision:

Non-statutory guidance and departmental advice

To the extent any of the following contradicts the statute, regulations or statutory guidance, it has no effect.  However, the following guidance and advice may be useful for parents/carers of pupils at risk of exclusion:

  • Behaviour and discipline in schools – guidance for headteachers and staff, and guidance for governing bodies
  • Drug advice for schools – advice for local authorities, headteachers, school staff and governing bodies September 2012
  • Searching, screening and confiscation – advice for headteachers, school staff and governing bodies
  • Use of reasonable force – advice for headteachers, staff and governing bodies

 

For examples of cases applying the laws set out above, see our case law page.

Published: 11th April, 2018

Updated: 17th November, 2020

Author: Emma Brock

Related topics:
  • SEN and disability law
Share this page
  • Email
  • Facebook
  • Twitter

Latest

  • Support IPSEA

    Any donation you make is hugely appreciated, and helps to keep our vital advice and support services running

  • IPSEA SEND Law for Local Authorities - 25 March

    IPSEA SEND Law for Local Authorities - 25 March

    This one-day training is designed specifically for local authority staff, providing an overview of the special educational needs and disability (SEND) legal framework, as well as other related areas of the law.

  • SEND Tribunal hints and tips

    SEND Tribunal hints and tips

    Split into two half-day training courses, this training covers 'refusal to assess' and 'refusal to issue a plan' appeals, or 'appeals against the contents of a plan' and 'appeals against the name of a school'.

  • SEND Tribunal hints and tips 16/02/2021

    SEND Tribunal hints and tips 16/02/2021

    This training day is suitable for those currently going through the following appeals processes: appeals against the contents of an EHC plan and appeals against the school named in the plan

Related

  • SEN and disability case law

    SEN and disability case law

    ‘Case law’ is the law which is developed by the Courts and Tribunal system

Most read

  • EHC needs assessments

    EHC needs assessments

    An EHC needs assessment is an assessment of a child or young person’s education, health and care needs

  • Asking for an EHC needs assessment

    Asking for an EHC needs assessment

  • Advice Line

    Advice Line

    Our Advice Line provides legally based information and next step advice on any educational issue that is the result of a child’s special educational needs or disability

  • Model letters

    Model letters

    IPSEA model letters are available to download and amend for your own purposes

  • Making a request for an EHC needs assessment: Model letter 1

    Making a request for an EHC needs assessment: Model letter 1

  • Contact us

    Contact us

  • What happens in an EHC needs assessment

    What happens in an EHC needs assessment

  • Appealing to the SEND Tribunal

    Appealing to the SEND Tribunal

    The SEND Tribunal is an independent national tribunal which hears parents’ and young people’s appeals against LA decisions about the special educational needs of children and young people

  • IPSEA update on COVID-19 and SEN provision

    IPSEA update on COVID-19 and SEN provision

    Read our guidance on the how the COVID-19 measures affect children and young people with special educational needs (SEN)

  • What an EHC plan contains

    What an EHC plan contains

    An EHC plan should be written in a way that makes it clear, to parents, young people, schools, colleges and LAs, who is required to do what, when it has to happen and how often it should be reviewed

How you can help IPSEA

How you can help IPSEA

Have you found the information on our website helpful today? If so, please consider donating! At IPSEA, we rely on your donations and fundraising efforts to help keep our vital services running. Read more

Donate Fundraise

Published: 19th March, 2014

Updated: 11th March, 2020

Author:

Sign up to receive regular email updates from IPSEA

* indicates required
The Queen's Award for Voluntary Service
  • Facebook
  • Twitter
  • Contact us
  • Accessibility
  • Sitemap
  • Privacy policy
  • Login
  • My details
  • Log out

IPSEA is registered charity number 327691
Limited company 2198066

Registered office: IPSEA, 24-26 Gold Street, Saffron Walden, CB10 1EJ